Vivisection under the Nazi's

A comparision between the 1986 Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act and the law enacted by the Nazi Party of Germany on 1st February 1934

This article is made up of two parts. Firstly we look at the legislation that the Nazi Party enacted in terms of vivisection that show that vivisection was not halted; on the contrary the Nazi Party attempted to show vivisection was an "important link in the chain of research methods." And secondly we will show that the pro-vivisection's rallying call - the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act is almost identical to the laws enacted by the Nazi Party.

Part 1. The Nazi Party's Vivisection Policy.

After initially enacting temporary law restricting vivisection the Nazi Party enacted new laws that took effect from the 1st February 1934. The law can be summarised thus:[1]

Part 2. A Comparison Between The Nazi Party Vivisection Policy and the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986.

Any study of the literature produced by pro-vivisection organisations will inevitably lead to a leaflet regarding the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 which regulates all animal experiments in the UK. Pro-vivisection organisations fall over themselves to praise the act which some of them helped frame.

By comparing the pro-vivisection literature on the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 and the Nazi Party's vivisection policy it can be seen that the two are almost identical.

Nazi Party Law [1] Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986
Any person who carried out animal experiments without permission could be sent to prison for up to 6 months and fined Certain licences must be obtained before any single live protected animal may be used in a research project.
....
Any person or persons carrying out the procedures must have a Personal Licence.
....
All persons who carry out regulated procedures must hold a Personal Licence.
The Laws Governing Animal Research, Seriously Ill For Medical Research

Three licences have to be granted before permission to experiment is given.
....
Breaches of a licence to use animals carry a legally enforceable penalties ...
Animals and the Advancement of Science, British Association, ISBN 0 900902 09 4

The third sort of licence is the personal licence, for the scientists and research assistants who carry out the experiments. Vermin or life saver? It depends on your point of view. Research Defence Society.

Experiments can only be undertaken by suitably qualified people. A personal licence [to vivisect] is only awarded to someone who has the necessary skills, experience and training.
"Vermin or Life Saver? It depends on your point of view." Research Defence Society.

All persons who carry out regulated procedures must hold a Personal Licence. This ensures that only competent and responsible professionals undertake experiments on animals. Personal Licence applicants must : have successfully completed an accredited training course recognised by the Home Office ....
"The Laws Governing Animal Research", Seriously Ill For Medical Research.

Only competent people can conduct the [animal] research ...
"Animal research and the development of a new medicine", The Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry.

... animal procedures ... are carried out by people with sufficient training, skills and experience as shown on their personal licence.
"Facts and figures on animal research in Great Britain", Research Defence Society, August 1998.

... the individuals conducting the research hold personal licences, for which they must be qualified and experienced to carry it out.
"Animals and the Advancement of Science", British Association. ISBN 0 900902 09 4

Experiments could only be carried out if they promised a definite result or clarified an unsolved problem At the heart of the operation of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 is the cost-benefit analysis which must be applied before any research project involving animals can go ahead. Thus the costs, in terms of potential animal suffering, must be weighted against the potential benefits of the research.
"Facts and figures on animal research in Great Britain", Research Defence Society, August 1998.

Applicants must ... demonstrate that the proposed work is well designed to meet the defined objectives.
"The Laws Governing Animal Research", Seriously Ill For Medical Research.

... a project licence, sets out precisely what is allowed in the research and it's justification.
"Animals and the Advancement of Science", British Association. ISBN 0 900902 09 4

The likely benefits of the research must justify any possible any possible distress to the animals.
"Animal research and the development of a new medicine", The Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry.

We support high standards of welfare for all laboratory animals and believe that they should only be used when absolutely necessary.
"The Laws Governing Animal Research", Andrew Blake founder and director of Seriously Ill for Medical Research.

The central principle of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act is that animals may only be used if the research is considered important enough.
"Vermin or Life Saver? It depends on your point of view." Research Defence Society.

The experimenter must cause the minimum of pain to animals, experiments could only be carried out under anaesthetic unless it would ruin the experiment or the act of putting the animal under would cause it stress. ... anaesthetics and pain killers are used to prevent discomfort ...
"Vermin or Life Saver? It depends on your point of view." Research Defence Society.

... any discomfort or suffering is kept to a minimum by the appropriate use of anaesthetics and painkillers.
"The Laws Governing Animal Research", Seriously Ill For Medical Research.

... any discomfort or suffering is kept to a minimum by appropriate use of anaesthetics or pain killers.
"Facts and figures on animal research in Great Britain", Research Defence Society.

... where more pain is likely, researchers must plan in advance how they will prevent or relieve it.
"Animal research and the development of a new medicine", The Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry.
If an animal is in pain during an experiment it should be put down straight away. ... any animal judged to be in severe pain or distress that cannot be relieved must be painlessly killed.
"Facts and figures on animal research in Great Britain", Research Defence Society.

If an animal is in sever distress which cannot be alleviated it must, by law, be humanely killed immediately regardless of whether the purpose of the research has been achieved.
"Animal research and the development of a new medicine", The Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry.

Experiments on horses, dogs, cats or monkeys were not allowed if other animals could be used instead. This licence application will also detail what animals are to be used, and how many, so that the project involves the smallest possible numbers of the "lower" species.
Vermin or life saver? It depends on your point of view. Research Defence Society

Cats, dogs and primates are only used when absolutley necessary and require specail justification.
The Laws Governing Animal Reserch, Seriously Ill For Medical Research

... dogs, cats or primates are only used when other species are not suitable.
Facts and figures on animal research in Great Britain. Research Defence Society, August 1998.


[1] The Journal of the American Medical Association. Volume 102, Number 7, Pages 551-552.